WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 1
IBISWorld Industry Report 45391
Pet Stores in the US
December 2018 Kelsey Oliver
Puppy love: Pet owners will invest in premium
products and services, boosting industry revenue
2 About this Industry
2 Industry Definition
2 Main Activities
2 Similar Industries
2 Additional Resources
3 Industry at a Glance
4 Industry Performance
4 Executive Summary
4 Key External Drivers
6 Current Performance
8 Industry Outlook
10 Industry Life Cycle
12 Products and Markets
12 Supply Chain
12 Products and Services
13 Demand Determinants
14 Major Markets
15 International Trade
16 Business Locations
18 Competitive Landscape
18 Market Share Concentration
18 Key Success Factors
18 Cost Structure Benchmarks
20 Basis of Competition
20 Barriers to Entry
21 Industry Globalization
22 Major Companies
22 PetSmart Inc.
23 Petco Animal Supplies Inc.
25 Pet Retail Brands
25 Pet Supplies Plus
26 Operating Conditions
26 Capital Intensity
27 Technology and Systems
27 Revenue Volatility
28 Regulation and Policy
28 Industry Assistance
29 Key Statistics
29 Industry Data
29 Annual Change
29 Key Ratios
30 Industry Financial Ratios
31 Jargon & Glossary
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WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 2
Pet stores sell a variety of pets, including
dogs, cats, sh and birds. Stores also sell
pet foods and pet supplies, such as
collars, leashes, health and beauty aids,
shampoos, medication, toys, pet
containers, dog kennels and cat furniture.
Some stores also oer pet services, such
as grooming and training.
The primary activities of this industry are
Retailing pets
Retailing pet food and supplies
Providing pet grooming and boarding services
54194 Veterinary Services in the US
Operators in this industry provide veterinary services.
81291 Pet Grooming & Boarding in the US
Operators in this industry provide pet grooming and boarding services.
45411a E-Commerce & Online Auctions in the US
Operators in this industry retail pet foods and pet supplies via the internet.
45411b Mail Order in the US
Operators in this industry retail pet foods and pet supplies via mail order or catalogs.
Industry Definition
Main Activities
Similar Industries
Additional Resources
About this Industry
For additional information on this industry
www.americanpetproducts.org
American Pet Products Association
www.petage.com
Pet Age
www.petbusiness.com
Pet Business
www.humanesociety.org
The Humane Society of the United States
The major products and services in this industry are
Live animals
Pet food
Pet services
Pet supplies
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 3
Million
220
160
170
180
190
200
210
23
9 11 13 15 17 19 21
Year
Number of pets (cats and dogs)
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
% change
6
-4
-2
0
2
4
2410 12 14 16 18 20 22
Year
Revenue Employment
Revenue vs. employment growth
Products and services segmentation (2018)
45.7%
Pet food
40.6%
Pet supplies
9.0%
Pet services
4.7%
Live animals
Key Statistics
Snapshot
Industry at a Glance
Pet Stores in 2018
Industry Structure
Life Cycle Stage Growth
Revenue Volatility Low
Capital Intensity Low
Industry Assistance None
Concentration Level Medium
Regulation Level Medium
Technology Change Medium
Barriers to Entry Medium
Industry Globalization Low
Competition Level High
Revenue
$19.5bn
Profit
$838.4m
Wages
$2.8bn
Businesses
13,408
Annual Growth 18–23
2.8%
Annual Growth 13–18
2.9%
Key External Drivers
Number of pets
(cats and dogs)
Per capita disposable
income
Percentage of services
conducted online
Number of households
Market Share
PetSmart Inc.
27.3%
Petco Animal
Supplies Inc.
19.9%
p. 22
p. 4
FOR ADDITIONAL STATISTICS AND TIME SERIES SEE THE APPENDIX ON PAGE 29
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 4
Key External Drivers
Number of pets (cats and dogs)
As households adopt more cats and dogs,
demand for industry goods, such as pet
foods, medicine and accessories,
increases. According to the American Pet
Product Association’s National Pet
Owners Survey, the average dog or cat
owner spends between $200.00 and
$300.00 annually on food for their pet.
The number of pets is expected to
increase in 2018, representing a potential
opportunity for the industry.
Per capita disposable income
Consumers increasingly perceive pets as
members of their family, meaning
products for pets can be considered
nondiscretionary. A decrease in
Executive Summary
The Pet Stores industry purred along
over the ve years to 2018 as cats, dogs,
sh and birds remained popular home
companions. Moreover, younger pet
parents, or millennial pet owners who
treat their four-legged friends as family
members, lavished their pets with
high-end food products and day care
services. Accelerated by favorable
macroeconomic conditions, the industry
expanded strongly during the ve-year
period, despite increased competition
from supermarkets, mass
merchandisers and online retailers that
oered greater convenience and
competitive pricing. Despite mounting
external competition from online
retailers, brick-and-mortar
establishments pivoted from a focus on
food and toys to more lucrative service
oerings, such as grooming or day care.
IBISWorld expects revenue to rise an
annualized 2.9% to $19.5 billion over the
ve years to 2018. In 2018 alone, industry
revenue is expected to grow 2.7%.
The emerging trend of pet parents has
bolstered demand for premium pet
products and services. Since pets are
treated as family members, pet owners
frequently lavish them with all-natural
and organic pet foods and treats, as well
as high-end services. These pet services
go beyond traditional grooming, dog
walking and training; today, premium
services, such as pet therapy sessions, are
on the rise. PetSmart Inc.’s (PetSmart)
PetsHotel oers 24/7 supervision for pets
and boosts sales due to its added
convenience as a one-stop shop for pet
product purchases and services. These
positive trends, combined with rising
disposable income, are expected to
increase prot margins during the period.
While new operators are joining the
industry, Petco Animal Supplies Inc. and
PetSmart account for more than half of
industry revenue and steadily increased
their respective market shares over the
past ve years.
Over the ve years to 2023, the Pet
Stores industry is projected to maintain
strong growth. As the economy continues
its upward trajectory and consumers
have more discretionary income, revenue
from premium products and services is
projected to increase. Moreover, the
number of pet-owning households is
expected to continue rising, yielding
greater demand for industry products.
However, for basic pet supplies,
competition from supermarkets, discount
department stores and online-only
retailers is expected to accelerate and
limit demand. As a result, over the ve
years to 2023, industry revenue is
forecast to rise an annualized 2.8% to
$22.4 billion.
Industry Performance
Executive Summary | Key External Drivers | Current Performance
Industry Outlook | Life Cycle Stage
The emerging trend of pet parents has
bolstered demand for premium pet products
and services
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 5
Industry Performance
Key External Drivers
continued
disposable income has little eect on
demand because households typically
reduce spending on other household and
leisure products before cutting down on
pet food and toys. A rise in per capita
disposable income, however, increases
the propensity for households to
purchase greater quantities of more
expensive goods and premium items. Per
capita disposable income is expected to
increase in 2018.
Percentage of services conducted online
Online shopping poses a direct threat to
traditional industry retailers. Many
online retailers are able to offer
products similar to those offered by pet
stores, but at lower prices, with wider
inventories and the ease of direct home
shipping. An increase in the percentage
of services conducted online will likely
decrease demand for traditional brick-
and-mortar stores, suppressing
industry revenue. The percentage of
services conducted online is expected to
rise in 2018, posing a potential threat
to the industry.
Number of households
According to the American Pet Products
Association’s most recent National Pet
Owners Survey, 65.0% of US households
own a pet. Consequently, an increase in
the number of households will likely
increase the number of pet owners in the
United States, supporting industry
demand. The number of households is
expected to increase in 2018.
% change
4
-4
-2
0
2
2412 14 16 18 20 22
Year
Per capita disposable income
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Million
220
160
170
180
190
200
210
239 11 13 15 17 19 21
Year
Number of pets (cats and dogs)
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 6
Industry Performance
Current
Performance
The Pet Stores industry is anticipated to
post strong gains over the ve years to
2018, due to the growing number of pet
owners who treat their pets like family
members and big-spending millennials
alike. By oering a wider array of
innovative, specialized and premium
products and services, pet stores cashed
in on owners’ desires to pamper their
pets. In addition, rising pet ownership in
the United States led to overall higher
demand for pet food and supplies.
Consequently, industry revenue is
expected to increase at an annualized rate
of 2.9% to $19.5 billion over the ve years
to 2018. Moreover, industry revenue is
expected to rise 2.7% in 2018 alone, as
higher disposable incomes encourage
greater spending on luxury pet foods and
treats, such as organic or natural foods.
With strong demand and rising sales,
pet store prot margins are expected to
grow during the ve-year period. Sales of
premium pet food, organic products, pet
supplies and services particularly drove
up protability because they typically
have higher markups. Furthermore,
revenue growth outpaced rising
employment and wage hikes, translating
to a drop in wages’ share of revenue.
Nevertheless, overall wages are still
projected to increase at an annualized
rate of 4.1% to $2.8 billion over the ve
years to 2018. Rising price-premium
product and service sales oset
increasing wages expenses during the
period. As a result, prot margins for the
average company reached 4.3% in 2018.
% change
6
-2
0
2
4
2410 12 14 16 18 20 22
Year
Industry revenue
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Pets and products
Increasing pet ownership and
accompanying demand for pet products
supported industry growth over the past
ve years. According to the 2017-2018
National Pet Owners Survey published
by the American Pet Products
Association (APPA), an estimated 68.0%
of US households own a pet, with more
than 42.0% of pet owners owning more
than one. Most notably, the millennial
generation stands out as a driving force
for this industry. The survey highlights
that more than 10.0% of pet owners are
new pet owners, the majority of which
are millennials. According to the latest
APPA survey, millennials surpassed the
baby boomer generation, accounting for
35.0% of all pet owners surveyed. Baby
boomers accounted for 32.0%.
Moreover, millennials were also found
to spend more than average on
pampering pets, supporting industry
demand. Millennials were also more
likely to throw their pets parties and
buy premium pet food products. Over
the five years to 2018, the number of
pet cats and dogs is projected to rise at
an annualized rate of 0.9%, translating
to increased demand for pet products
and services.
Operators actively added pet services
to capture more of the consumer dollar.
According to the APPA’s industry
spending gures and future outlook,
total spending on US pets is expected to
increase to $62.8 billion in 2016 (latest
data available). Continued emphasis on
pet services will be a primary driver for
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 7
Industry Performance
Competition from
bigger stores
Pet stores are traditionally small,
independently owned operations; more
than half of industry operators are
nonemployers (stores without paid
employees). Even among businesses
with employees, most employ fewer than
four workers. Due to the predominantly
small size of industry operations,
external competition from supermarkets
and mass merchandisers pressured
industry demand. Moreover, small
operators within the industry
simultaneously experienced heightened
competition from big-box specialty
stores within the industry; stores such as
Petco Animal Supplies Inc. benet from
strong buyer power and shared
operational resources through
economies of scale. Such competition
contributed to overall consolidation of
the industry and placed downward price
pressures on small specialty stores. As a
result, the number of industry operators
is expected to lag relative to industry
performance, rising a mere annualized
0.7% to 13,408 companies.
In recent years, supermarkets lured
customers away from smaller specialty
stores, oering the convenience of
one-stop shopping. Grocery stores enable
consumers to shop for a wide range of
household products, including pet
supplies, in one location. Time-poor
consumers turned to these types of stores
to streamline and simplify errands.
Meanwhile, mass merchandisers
emerged as major retailers of pet
products, oering lower prices for frugal
consumers. Due to size, stores such as
Walmart and Costco, exert higher buying
power and can purchase in bulk from
wholesalers. Such cost savings lured
price-conscious consumers, enabling
larger stores to capture higher market
share. Moreover, many consumers
gravitated online to purchase
competitively priced products;
e-commerce stores can sell products at
lower prices while maintaining prot
margins because they do not maintain a
retail storefront and, therefore, avoid
costly rental rates associated with
high-trac retail space.
High-end goods are primarily sold
through specialty pet stores and other
niche retailers, providing a degree of
guaranteed sales for operators, shielding
them from direct competition. This
protection is because manufacturers
typically place restrictions on
ultrapremium pet products, selling only
to specialty pet stores. Such restrictions
aided niche retailers targeting high-end
markets over the past ve years.
Big-box specialty stores, such as
PetSmart Inc. and Petco Animal Supplies
Inc., combine the best of both worlds;
these stores oer a broad selection of pet
products and operate on a scale large
enough to pass cost savings down to
consumers. Furthermore, many large
stores also provide premium products, a
factor augmenting competition for small
specialty stores. As a result, big-box stores
have posted healthy gains during the
ve-year period, increasing market share.
sales. This is particularly important as
pet stores opt to dierentiate from
supermarkets and other retail outlets
selling pet food and supplies. As the
unemployment rate continues to fall and
household disposable income levels rise,
consumers will continue to increase
spending on discretionary pet services.
Pets and products
continued
Supermarkets have lured
customers away from
smaller specialty stores
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 8
Industry Performance
Pet ownership to grow
The number of pets owned by households
in the United States is the primary driver
of demand for the industry. Since the
industry sells pets, including cats, dogs,
birds, hamsters and guinea pigs, an
increase in pet ownership rates translates
to higher revenue for the industry. In
addition, a rise in pet ownership will lead
to higher demand for discretionary and
nondiscretionary products, such as food,
treats and toys. To the industry’s benet,
demand for pets, especially cats and dogs,
is expected to rise over the ve years to
2023, driven by three demographics
increasingly owning pets: single-person
households, millennials and the aging
population. IBISWorld projects the
number of pet cats and dogs will increase
at an annualized rate of 2.4% during the
ve-year period, contributing to the
industry’s growing revenue.
Moreover, a rising trend toward
higher-margin premium pet products
and services is expected to buoy average
prot margins against rising wage
expenses over the next ve years. The
average prot margin expected to remain
steady at 4.0% in 2023, while wages are
expected to increase alongside revenue,
rising at an annualized rate of 2.8% to
$3.2 billion. Price-based competition
from online retailers and supercenters is
expected to limit returns, but rising
demand and industry consolidation, as
well as diversication of lucrative in-store
service oerings, are projected to steady
prot margins. Furthermore, expanding
pet ownership levels will continue
attracting new entrants to the industry.
The number of companies will continue
increasing slowly due to high competition
from Petco Animal Supplies Inc. and
PetSmart Inc., rising at an annualized
rate of 1.2% to 14,251 enterprises over the
ve years to 2023, as industry
consolidation stems growth.
Industry
Outlook
The Pet Stores industry will continue
fetching a growing share of the consumer
dollar over the next ve years as pet
owners opt to spoil pets. In addition to
rising pet ownership, improving
economic conditions will boost consumer
spending and encourage customers to
purchase price-premium pet products
and services. As a result, industry
revenue is projected to increase at an
annualized rate of 2.8% to $22.4 billion
over the ve years to 2023. Despite this
growth, operators in the Pet Store
industry, which is composed of brick-
and-mortar establishments, will have to
contend with mounting pricing pressures
from online retailers, mass
merchandisers and delivery services.
A rise in pet ownership will
lead to higher demand for
industry products
Premium products will
remain popular
IBISWorld expects natural and organic
foods and treats will continue gaining
popularity during the outlook period, as
households continue to view diets as a
means of improving pets’ overall health.
According to the research company
Mintel Group Limited, nutritional value
and avor are two of the top reasons
owners cite for choosing pet food, just
after price and value. Natural and
organic foods were once a niche
segment; however, major food
manufacturers, such as Nestle’s Purina,
Mars’ Pedigree and Del Monte Foods
Inc. all now market natural products sold
at major retailers. These high-margin
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 9
Industry Performance
Changing
competition
As disposable income levels increase,
customers, namely pet parents, are
expected to loosen budgets and splurge on
higher-quality items for pets. As a result,
consumers will seek options based on
factors other than low prices and return to
smaller operators that oer premium
services at higher prices. However, despite
favorable conditions, competition from
supermarkets and mass merchandisers is
expected to remain strong for basic pet
supplies, such as dry pet food and cat
litter. Since these products show little
dierentiation among brands, consumers
will likely continue shopping at large
retailers due to discounted prices and
increased convenience.
Since much of the industry consists of
a high number of smaller stores, niche
product marketing will become
increasingly important as each operator
attempts to set itself apart from other
stores. For example, personalized diets
for pets are expected to serve as a
potential niche market for industry
operators, including special food catered
to obese animals. Since many pet owners
are more concerned with pets’ health, the
creation of options to improve pet health
presents a potential opportunity for
industry operators. Several pet food
manufacturers identied potential
growth in customized food options,
taking into consideration pet breeds, life
stages, daily activities, amount of time
indoors and specic medical conditions.
products will be lucrative sources of
revenue and prot for pet store operators
over the next ve years.
With improving economic conditions,
demand for specialized pet services is
expected to continue rising. Over the past
ve years, pet services served as primary
drivers of growth within the industry, a
trend likely to continue as per capita
disposable income is expected to grow an
annualized 1.4% over the ve years to
2023. With unemployment expected to
remain low over the next ve years, more
consumers will use extra income to
pamper pets with services such as
grooming and boarding.
Premium products will
remain popular
continued
Competition from
supermarkets and mass
merchandisers is expected
to remain strong
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 10
Industry Performance
The industry’s contribution to the
economy is expected to grow
Product innovation and services are improving
Pet ownership is continuing to rise steadily,
expanding the industry’s target market
Life Cycle Stage
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 11
Industry Performance
Industry Life Cycle
The Pet Stores industry is in the growth
stage of its life cycle. While product
introductions and new service oerings
are taking place within the industry, such
growth is predominantly attributable to
changing consumer sentiment toward pet
care and expenditure. Industry valued
added (IVA), which measures the
industry’s contribution to the US
economy, is expected to increase at an
annualized rate of 3.4% over the 10 years
to 2023. In comparison, US GDP is
projected to grow at an annualized rate of
2.2% during the same period.
Over the ve years to 2018, the industry
posted strong sales driven by pet owners
increasingly humanizing pets. To this
point, American Pet Products Association
indicated a tipping point was reached in
the mid-2000s, prior to the recession,
when people began rewarding pets in
human terms. Consequently, new products
and services emerged in this industry to
cater to this trend. For example, more pet
stores have started oering premium pet
food and treats as well as services such as
grooming, training, walking and full-
service boarding. Expansion of premium
product oerings indicates the industry is
still growing.
As an industry made up of retailers
specializing in pet supplies, the industry’s
main threat comes from large general-
line retailers such as supermarkets and
mass merchandisers and discount
retailers such as Walmart stocking a wide
variety of products at competitive prices.
Online pet store retailers also pose an
increasing threat as improved web
interfaces and delivery systems make
shopping online easier and less costly.
Over the long term, both forces threaten
industry growth prospects as many
specialized retailers will not be able to
compete with the economies of scale and
extensive distribution networks these
retailers command. Specialty pet stores
will likely further diversify into services,
away from their traditional product lines,
to stay competitive.
This industry
is Growing
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 12
Products and Services
Pet food
Since food is a necessity for all pets, it is not
surprising pet foods make up the largest
product segment for the industry. This
segment covers a wide range of products
such as dry and wet food for dogs and cats,
bird feed, crickets and worms for reptiles
and other treats and supplements for
several dierent household pets. Over the
past ve years, retailers increasingly
provided all-natural and organic food
products. These premium pet foods tend to
be higher priced with larger markups, a
factor beneting industry revenue. Today, a
variety of premium pet foods are available
to pets. Examples include raw diets for dog
and cat foods, weight control food for obese
animals, specialized formulas for sensitive
stomachs and freshly baked cakes and
cookies as treats. This segment endures a
high degree of competition, however, from
supermarkets and mass merchandisers
selling competitively priced pet food
products. Consequently, the segment’s
share of revenue declined slightly over the
past ve years, accounting for 45.7% of
total revenue.
Pet supplies
Products in this segment include over-the-
counter medicines, food bowls, collars and
leashes, pet clothing, brushes and combs,
Products & Markets
Supply Chain | Products and Services | Demand Determinants
Major Markets | International Trade | Business Locations
KEY BUYING INDUSTRIES
99 Consumers in the US
The Pet Stores industry relies on consumers to purchase pet products and to use industry
services.
KEY SELLING INDUSTRIES
31111 Animal Food Production in the US
This industry supplies pet stores with a vast array of pet food.
33993 Toy, Doll & Game Manufacturing in the US
This industry supplies pet toys and accessories to industry operators.
54194 Veterinary Services in the US
This industry provides veterinary care services such as vaccinations to industry operators.
Supply Chain
Products and services segmentation (2018)
Total $19.5bn
45.7%
Pet food
40.6%
Pet supplies
9.0%
Pet services
4.7%
Live animals
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 13
Products & Markets
Demand
Determinants
Demand for pets and pet supplies is
aected by the rate of pet ownership,
food and supply prices, household
income and demographics.
Pet ownership
Pet ownership is a main driver for
industry demand by denition, as
industry operators are retailers of pets.
Thus, as pet ownership increases, the
number of pets purchased also rises,
leading to higher demand and sales for
the industry. In addition, a rise in this
number also leads to higher demand for
products such as food, treats and toys
because these goods are needed every
day for the well-being of pets. Pet
ownership is on the rise, facilitating
industry growth.
Income
Households with higher incomes are able
to spend more on discretionary items and
services sold at pet stores, leading to
higher demand. Over the past ve years,
pet-owning households with high
disposable income were the main
customers for luxury and trendy pet
products, including premium pet food
and designer pet toys. In addition, those
with higher incomes tend to travel
frequently, so they are more likely to use
pet boarding services or purchase
products permitting pets to accompany
them while traveling.
Demographics and lifestyle
Changes in demographics and lifestyle of
households are important determinants
Products and Services
continued
shovels and scoopers, cat litter, cages
birds and reptiles, travel carriers and
other various accessories for pets. During
the ve-year period, this segment’s share
of revenue increased, largely due to rising
consumer spending on over-the-counter
medicine products, such as ea medicine.
This segment accounts for 40.6% of total
industry revenue. Spending on pet
medicine increased due to soaring costs
of pharmaceuticals, as well as higher
standards of routine care. Other pet
supplies and accessories sold by industry
retailers also encounter competition
from supermarkets and grocery stores,
namely because there are no regulations
that limit their sale. To this point, pet
supplies are increasingly sold at a variety
of retail outlets such as home
improvements stores.
Services
Pet services were the fastest-growing
product segment for the industry over the
past ve years, reaching an estimated
9.0% of total industry revenue. Pet
services include full service grooming,
haircuts, baths, toenail trimming and
tooth brushing. This segment excludes
veterinary services. Other services may
include activities such as training,
boarding and day camps. Greater interest
in pet pampering drove much of the rise
of this segment. As more pet owners
consider their animals as family
members, demand for specialty pet
services also increased.
Live animal purchases
Live animals are the industry’s smallest
segment at 4.7% of total industry
revenue. This product segment is small
because a pet is normally a one-o
purchase, while products in other
segments, such as pet supplies and pet
foods, need to be purchased throughout
the life of the pet, requiring repetitive
spending. Furthermore, major players in
the industry only sell small animals and
sh and partner with local pet programs
for cat and dog adoptions. Conversely,
smaller operations often sell all types of
animals: cats, dogs, sh, rabbits, birds,
small animals and even reptiles.
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 14
Products & Markets
Major Markets
The largest market for the Pet Stores
industry includes consumers between
the ages of 45 to 54, who account for an
estimated 26.0% of total revenue. A
large proportion of this segment can be
considered pet enthusiasts, who
consider pets family members,
according to PetSmart. Consumers in
this age group are also likely the sole
nancial providers of the household and,
therefore, responsible for household pet
expenditures. Furthermore, consumers
in this product market are typically
established in their careers and have
steady income streams, enabling them to
spend freely on pet supplies. It has also
been suggested that members of this age
group look for pet companions to ll the
empty space in households after
children leave home. Consumers
between the ages of 55 and 64 are
expected to represent 22.8% of the
market; however, this gure is forecast
to increase over the next ve years as
consumers aged 45 to 54 increasingly
enter this age range.
The third-largest market consists of
consumers between the ages of 35 to 44,
who account for 17.6% of revenue.
Consumers in this market typically have
families or young children who wish to
have family pets. Given how pet
companionship can benet health and
behavioral development in young
children, consumers in this age group
often decide to add a pet to the family.
According to the American Pet Products
Association, a reported 38.0% of
households with children under 18 years
old own at least one pet.
Consumers between the ages of 25 and
34 are estimated to account for 16.6% of
the market. This demographic group
accounts for a lower, but growing, share.
The smallest market is made of
consumers over the age of 75 (4.9%).
Consumers in these categories have
limited income, decreasing their ability to
Demand
Determinants
continued
of demand. Frequent relocation or longer
work hours may reduce a household’s
willingness to purchase a pet. In addition,
households living in apartments are less
likely to have pets since many apartments
do not permit pets. The aging population,
however, may increase demand for pets,
since older demographics often purchase
pets for companionship after children
and grandchildren leave home.
Major market segmentation (2018)
Total $19.5bn
26.0%
Consumers aged 45 to 54
4.9%
Consumers aged
75 and older
22.8%
Consumers aged 55 to 64
17.6%
Consumers aged 35 to 44
16.6%
Consumers aged 25 to 34
12.1%
Consumers aged 65 to 74
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 15
Products & Markets
International Trade
International trade activity is accounted
for at the manufacturing level by
convention; this domestic retail industry
does not technically have imports or
exports. Products and supplies in the Pet
Stores industry, however, are imported
and exported at the manufacturing level,
then sold in the domestic market. Precise
export and import data on pet products
and supplies is not readily available, as
they are categorized into broad segments
containing large numbers of non-pet
related products. Trends in pet food
trade provide some insight into trends
regarding overall pet-product trade
levels and are included in the Animal
Food Production industry (IBISWorld
report 31111).
Major Markets
continued
own or spend on pets. In addition, these
two demographics tend to rent
apartments or live in retirement homes,
and many of these dwellings do not
permit pets, hindering the ability of these
demographics to own pets.
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 16
Products & Markets
Business Locations 2018
MO
1.6
West
West
West
Rocky
Mountains
Plains
Southwest
Southeast
New
England
VT
0.3
MA
2.4
RI
0.4
NJ
3.3
DE
0.5
NH
0.8
CT
1.6
MD
1.7
DC
0.1
1
5
3
7
2
6
4
8 9
Additional States
(as marked on map)
AZ
2.6
CA
13.5
NV
0.9
OR
1.9
WA
3.2
MT
0.3
NE
0.5
MN
1.5
IA
0.8
OH
3.7
VA
2.6
FL
8.2
KS
0.8
CO
2.6
UT
0.7
ID
0.2
TX
6.1
OK
0.9
NC
2.7
AK
0.2
WY
0.2
TN
1.5
KY
0.9
GA
2.3
IL
3.7
ME
0.6
ND
0.2
WI
1.8
MI
2.9
PA
4.4
WV
0.3
SD
0.2
NM
0.6
AR
0.5
MS
0.4
AL
0.8
SC
1.2
LA
0.9
HI
0.3
IN
1.7
NY
7.7
5
6
7
8
3
2
1
4
9
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Establishments (%)
Less than 3%
3% to less than 10%
10% to less than 20%
20% or more
Great
Lakes
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 17
Products & Markets
Business Locations
Pet stores are primarily located in the
Southeast, West, Mid-Atlantic and Great
Lakes regions of the United States.
Industry locations are based primarily
on the number of households in each
region, as well as the median income
level of households.
Southeast
The Southeast holds the highest
number of industry establishments;
22.4% of pet stores are estimated to be
in the region. The Southeast is the most
populated region of the United States
with one-quarter of the nation’s
population. Given the higher proportion
of households, there is greater demand
for industry retailers. Within the
Southeast, Florida has the highest
number of pet stores at 8.2% of the
nation’s total.
West
The West has the second-highest
proportion of pet stores in the country
with an estimated 20.0% of industry
stores. California has the highest number
of pet stores in the country at 13.5%. The
primary reasons for the higher-than-
average number of pet stores in the West
are population density and income levels.
The West has 17.2% of the nation’s total
population; furthermore, both California
and Nevada have higher-than-average
median incomes by state.
Mid-Atlantic
The Mid-Atlantic region has an estimated
17.8% of pet stores. The most popular
states include New York and
Pennsylvania, which account for
respective 7.7% and 4.4% of the
industry’s locations. These states have
some of the highest populations in the
United States due to large metropolitan
centers. The region also has higher-than-
average income levels. Given households
within the region have a larger amount of
disposable income, they are better able to
aord to own a pet.
Great Lakes
The Great Lakes region is the fourth-
most popular location for industry
establishments. An estimated 13.9% of
pet stores are located in the Great Lakes
region. The region is also the fourth-most
populated in the nation, accounting for
4.6% of the total population.
Other small participating regions in
the industry include: the Southwest
(10.2%), New England (6.1%), the Plains
(5.6%) and the Rocky Mountains (4.0%).
These regions have smaller consumer
markets, therefore limiting demand for
pet stores.
%
30
0
10
20
Southwest
West
Great Lakes
Mid-Atlantic
New England
Plains
Rocky Mountains
Southeast
Establishments
Population
Distribution of establishments vs. population
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 18
Cost Structure
Benchmarks
Profit
Prot is expected to account for 4.3% of
revenue in 2018, unchanged from 2013.
A growing pet population and an
increasing willingness of pet owners to
spend on pets, particularly on premium
or high-margin products, stabilizes
industry prot margins. Furthermore, pet
stores increasingly oer pet services,
which typically have higher margins. It is
important to note, however, that actual
level of margins may vary considerably
between industry participants. For
instance, larger players such as Petco
Animal Supplies Inc. and PetSmart Inc.
typically purchase in large quantities,
enabling them to spend less per item and
improve margins. In addition, their large
scale enables them to sell in high volumes
at discounted prices. Consequently, they
can aord lower markups and prot from
larger sales volumes. On the contrary,
smaller players in this industry do not
have such purchasing power; therefore,
the cost of goods per unit tends to be
higher for these players, causing lower
margins for smaller companies.
Purchases
Purchase costs will remain the single-
largest expense for the industry,
accounting for an estimated 55.8% of
revenue. Purchases consist of a range of
pet food and pet supplies, including
Key Success Factors
Attractive product presentation
To appeal to customers and encourage
purchases, eye-catching promotions and
displays are essential for pet stores.
Experienced work force
It is important to employ a highly capable
sta with clear knowledge of the pet
industry to better assist customers and
boost sales.
Proximity to key markets
Operators need to be located in high-
trac and high-visibility locations, such
as major shopping precincts, to maximize
store trac and sales.
Economies of scope
Successful operators need a range of the
most popular pets and pet supplies at
dierent levels of price and quality.
Oering a wider variety of products will
attract a larger customer base.
Effective quality control
Operators must ensure that pet services
are up to standards for each specic
animal and breed.
Market Share
Concentration
Nearly half of the Pet Stores industry’s
revenue comes from two specialty
supply retailers: PetSmart Inc.
(PetSmart) and Petco Animal Supplies
Inc. (Petco). The remainder consists of
family-owned stores, small franchises
and small chains of pet stores. Despite
the moderate degree of concentration,
small operators are still able to nd
niche markets in their geographical
locations, rarely expanding beyond
those areas.
Over the ve years to 2023, PetSmart
and Petco are expected to grow in their
share of the industry because big-box
retailers are able to oer customers a
“best of both worlds” scenario, which
includes providing broad and industry-
specic product selections while
operating on such a scale that they can
purchase in bulk and pass savings on to
consumers in the form of lower prices.
Consequently, these stores are expected
to grow at the expense of smaller stores.
Competitive Landscape
Market Share Concentration | Key Success Factors | Cost Structure Benchmarks
Basis of Competition | Barriers to Entry | Industry Globalization
Level
Concentration in this
industry is Medium
IBISWorld identifies
250 Key Success
Factors for a
business. The most
important for this
industry are:
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 19
Competitive Landscape
Cost Structure
Benchmarks
continued
collars, leashes, medication, shampoos,
dog kennels and pet toys, as well as a
range of pets, including dogs, cats, birds,
sh, small animals and reptiles. Purchase
expenses increased slightly over the past
ve years. According to Pet Business, a
publication for the pet and pet supplies
retailing industry, much of this growth
was due to higher prices from upstream
industries (i.e. manufacturing and
wholesaling industries) that were passed
down the supply chain.
Wages
Due to the labor-intensive nature of the
retail sector, wages are estimated to make
up the second-highest expense item for
pet store operators, accounting for 14.4%
of total industry revenue in 2018. In pet
stores, employees are needed to provide
care for pets, maintain stock levels and
provide customer service. Furthermore,
added focus was placed on labor over the
ve years to 2018 as pet services have
become one of the fastest-growing sources
of industry revenue. Nonetheless, industry
revenue grew at a faster rate than the
number of employees or wages, therefore
decreasing wages’ share of revenue.
Depreciation
Depreciation expenses are expected to
consume 1.0% of revenue in 2018.
Minimal depreciation is typical for
retailing industries, which are very labor
intensive and require minimal capital
costs in operations. This gure is high
compared with other retailing industries
because pet stores must acquire special
cages and tanks for animals in addition to
shelving and cash registers for stores.
Other costs
Rent and utilities costs are expected to
represent 9.4% of revenue. Operators
incur other expenses including
Sector vs. Industry Costs
n P r o t
n Wages
n Purchases
n Depreciation
n Marketing
n Rent & Utilities
n Other
Average Costs of
all Industries in
sector (2018)
Industry Costs
(2018)
0
20
40
60
Percentage of revenue
80
100
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
3.2
4.3
13.2
9.4
1.9
1.0
55.8
14.4
13.1
4.4
1.7
0.9
67.7
8.9
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 20
Competitive Landscape
Barriers to Entry
High levels of competition and regulations
associated with entering this industry may
deter some potential entrants. Nevertheless,
there are various niche markets available for
new players to occupy, specically those
specializing in premium and innovative
food, products and services.
A signicant factor that can hinder an
operator from entering this industry is High
levels of competition and regulations
associated with entering this industry may
deter some potential entrants. Nevertheless,
there are various niche markets available for
new players to occupy, specically those
specializing in premium and innovative
food, products and services.
A signicant factor that can hinder an
operator from entering this industry is
Basis of Competition
Internal
Pet stores compete with each other based
on price, product variety, customer
service, brand awareness, variety of pet
services and store location. Since
product purchases make up the
majority of sales for pet stores, their
main basis of competition is product
range, quality and price. Large players
like Petco and PetSmart benefit from
economies of scope and are able to
provide broad ranges of pets, pet foods,
pet supplies and pet services with
different levels of quality across a range
of prices, enabling stores to appeal to
individual consumer preferences. They
are also capable of offering products
through private label brands at lower
prices. Both players benefit from being
able to buy products in bulk and
producing their own products at lower
cost, enabling them to offer products at
a low price and still attain a profit.
Smaller stores are then pressured to
provide products at lower prices, which
results in lower mark-ups and ultimately
lower prot margins. Smaller stores
benet from the ability to oer
personalized customer services and mold
themselves to the specic needs of niche
markets in their local areas.
External
Historically, supermarkets were the
primary sellers of pet food products as
they stock a wide variety of pet food and
supplies and bulk purchases generally
enable them to oer lower prices than
specialty retailers. In recent years,
additional competition came from mass
merchandisers and discount retailers
such as Walmart and Costco stocking a
wide variety of products at competitive
prices. Mass merchandisers and discount
retailers typically do not sell ultra-
premium pet products because they are
limited by manufacturers’ restrictions.
Further competition comes from the
E-commerce and Online Auctions industry
(IBISWorld report 45411a) and the Mail-
Order industry (IBISWorld report 45411b).
According to the most recent National Pet
Owners Survey, there is a growing
prevalence of online and social media
networks specically for nding pets and pet
products, including companies such as
Petstore.com, through which consumers can
purchase products without physically
visiting a store. However, these operators
are not classied as part of this industry. In
addition, some competition comes from
veterinary services as they also sell
customized pet food and some pet products.
Cost Structure
Benchmarks
continued
administrative, insurance, security and
advertising costs. Companies invest 1.9% of
revenue toward marketing and advertising
to generate trac and boost sales. All other
expenses are expected to account for the
remaining 13.2% of revenue.
Level & Trend
Competition in
this industry is
High and the trend
is Increasing
Level & Trend
Barriers to Entry
in this industry are
Medium and Steady
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 21
Competitive Landscape
Industry
Globalization
This industry is composed of a large
number of small players. Many of the
smaller, independent pet supply
retailers are family-owned businesses
that operate within a local or regional
scope. In addition, the industry’s major
companies are domestically owned;
therefore, this industry has a low level of
globalization. The industry’s largest
player, PetSmart has a network of stores
in Canada, while Petco expanded to
Mexico and Puerto Rico; however,
international sales are still low relative
to the United States.
Barriers to Entry
continued
government regulations. There are
federal and state laws regulating pet
shops and the sale of animals. For
example, the Pet Animals Act 1951
requires pet shops get a license in
accordance with the act before they can
open. In addition, the Animal Welfare
Act of 1966 dictates how pets sold in pet
stores must be maintained. Pet shops
need to address a range of issues and
receive licenses based on federal and
state requirements before permission to
operate is granted.
Industry concentration can be
another barrier to potential entrants.
The only two national retail chains in
this industry account for more than
one half of industry revenue; smaller
stores and franchises account for the
remaining portion. Although this
industry is highly fragmented, there is
intense price competition from mass
merchandisers, online operators and
catalog retailers, which may provide a
barrier for new, independent retailers.
Opening a new pet store and meeting
licensing standards is expensive. In
addition, a signicant share of funding
may be directed toward marketing to
build consumer interest and recognition.
The initial cost of establishing or
purchasing a retail outlet, in addition
to purchasing and maintaining inventory
levels, may be a barrier for new entrants.
Level & Trend
Globalization in this
industry is Low and
the trend is Steady
Barriers to Entry checklist
Competition High
Concentration Medium
Life Cycle Stage Growth
Capital Intensity Low
Technology Change Medium
Regulation and Policy Medium
Industry Assistance None
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 22
Player Performance
Since its establishment in 1986, Phoenix-
based PetSmart Inc. (PetSmart) has
become the top specialty retailer of pet
food and supplies. PetSmart operates
more than 1,600 stores, typically located
in regional shopping centers near other
superstores and warehouse stores. The
company employs more than 55,000
people in the United States and Canada.
By oering more than 11,000 pet
products and providing various pet
services, PetSmart aims to provide a
one-stop shopping experience. In March
2015, the company went private through
an $8.7 billion buyout by BC Partners.
PetSmart categorizes its merchandise
into three main categories: consumables,
hard goods and pets. Consumables
include pet foods, treats and litter, as well
as premium products, many of which are
not found in supermarkets or mass
merchandisers. Pet supplies such as
collars, leashes, health and beauty aids,
shampoos, medication, toys, pet carriers,
dog kennels, cat furniture, equestrian
supplies, birdcages, aquariums and lters
make up the hard goods category. Pets
sold by the company include sh, birds
and reptiles. Larger animals, such as cats
and dogs, are not sold in PetSmart;
however, they are available for adoption
through the PetSmart Charities’ Adopt a
Pet Program, which was co-developed
with humane organizations. In 2016,
PetSmart acquired AllPaws, one of the
largest online and mobile platforms for
adopting pets.
Pet services are a growth segment for
the company and currently account for
more than 10.0% of revenue. In addition
to expanding its services segment,
PetSmart continues to expand its retail
presence nationwide through store
expansions. In scal 2017, the company
opened 70 new locations. In addition to
selling products, PetSmart expanded its
Major Companies
PetSmart Inc. | Petco Animal Supplies Inc. | Other Companies
52.8%
Other
PetSmart Inc. 27.3%
Petco Animal Supplies Inc. 19.9%
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Major Players
(Market Share)
PetSmart Inc.
Market Share: 27.3%
PetSmart Inc. (US industry-specifi c segment) - fi nancial performance*
Year**
Revenue
($ million) (% change)
Operating Income
($ million) (% change)
2013-14
5,575.5 10.6 537.3 29.4
2014-15
5,706.2 2.3 572.0 6.5
2015-16
5,867.4 2.8 574.8 2.2
2016-17
5,591.7 -4.7 230.1 -60.7
2017-18
5,340.0 -4.5 151.0 -34.4
2018-19
5,315.9 -0.5 228.8 51.5
*Estimates; **Fiscal year-end January 31
SOURCE: ANNUAL REPORT AND IBISWORLD
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 23
Major Companies
Player Performance
Established in 1965, Petco Animal
Supplies Inc. (Petco) is the second-
largest pet supply specialty retailer in
the United States. The company is
headquartered in San Diego and
operates an estimated 1,552 Petco
stores, more than 80 smaller-format
Unleashed By Petco neighborhood shops
and 10 Pooch Hotel locations
throughout the United States, Mexico
and Puerto Rico. The company
expanded to Puerto Rico and Mexico in
Player Performance
continued
service oerings to include in-store
boarding facilities, grooming services,
obedience training and full-service
veterinary services. PetSmart oers a
complete pet boarding and day-care
service called PetsHotel with 24-hour
supervision, an on-site veterinarian,
air-conditioned rooms and daily
specialty treats. Nearly 200 PetSmart
stores include PetsHotel boarding
facilities and Doggie Day Camps.
PetSmart also oers full-service
veterinary hospitals in more than 900 of
its stores through a partnership with
Baneld Pet Hospital. In addition to
expanding it service oerings and
partnerships in the company’s brick-
and-mortar business, PetSmart has
recently diversied its retail channels.
In May 2017, PetSmart acquired Chewy,
the largest online retailer for pet food.
This acquisition is expected to oset
declining trac at brick-and-mortar
locations, as well as position the
company to compete with other online
retail giants such as Amazon.com.
Financial performance
Over the ve years to scal 2018, revenue
from PetSmart’s industry-specic US
operations is expected to decline at an
annualized rate of 0.9% to $5.3 billion.
Total brick-and-mortar sales in the United
States declined due to decreased in-store
trac and increased external competition
from online retailers. Revenue losses were
partially oset by rising sales of premium
and natural food products and increased
sales from pet services. The company’s pet
services line experienced strong demand
over the past ve years, enabling this
category to consistently expand faster
than its merchandise-products category.
Over the next ve years, the company is
expected to continue to expand its online
retail operations.
Petco Animal
Supplies Inc.
Market Share: 19.9%
Industry Brand Names
Unleashed By Petco
Petco Animal Supplies Inc. (US industry-specifi c segment) fi nancial
performance*
Year**
Revenue
($ million) (% change)
Operating Income
($ million) (% change)
2013-14
3,590.4 7.3 129.1 -14.3
2014-15
3,789.8 5.6 115.4 -10.6
2015-16
3,999.2 5.5 184.0 59.4
2016-17
3,810.5 -4.7 118.1 -35.8
2017-18
3,821.6 0.3 152.1 28.8
2018-19
3,884.6 1.7 167.2 1.8
*Estimates; **Year-end January 31
SOURCE: US SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 24
Major Companies
Other Companies
PetSmart and Petco are the top dogs in
the Pet Stores industry, accounting for
nearly half of total industry revenue in
2018. Overall, the industry is
characterized by a moderate to high
degree of concentration controlled by
these two retailers. The rest of the
industry is composed of several small
and privately owned pet stores. In fact,
more than half of industry players are
nonemployers. Furthermore, more than
80.0% of all companies employ fewer
than five workers and less than 10.0%
have more than 10 workers. Due to the
fragmented nature of the industry,
most players do not individually
account for a considerable share of the
industry’s revenue.
Player Performance
continued
2012 and 2013, respectively. The
company also signicantly expanded its
e-commerce oerings in recent years,
most notably through the acquisition of
Foster and Smith Inc. (Foster and
Smith) in 2015 and PetCoach, a leading
digital services company, in 2017. The
company generated $4.0 billion in total
company revenue in scal 2014. In
August 2015, the company led for an
initial public oering (IPO), but
withdrew its oering on February 2016
following a $4.6 billion acquisition by
the Canada Pension Plan Investment
Board and CVC Capital Partners.
Petco stores carry up to 10,000
dierent pet-related items, including pet
food, collars, leashes, grooming products,
toys, health and beauty aids, kennels and
pet houses. Like other industry
participants, Petco oers a variety of
grooming, veterinary and obedience
services for animals, but does not sell cats
or dogs. Instead, the Think Adoption
First program is used in partnership with
local animal welfare organizations. The
company also operates an independent
nonprot organization, The Petco
Foundation, which has invested more
than $175.0 million to support local
animal welfare groups since its inception
in 1999.
Petco has signicantly expanded its
smaller-store concept, Unleashed By
Petco. The smaller-store chain specializes
in natural, organic and higher-end pet
products and is geared toward expanding
the company’s presence into urban
markets. Finally, the company’s recent
acquisition of Foster and Smith in 2015, a
mail order and e-commerce company, is
anticipated to increase its online
presence considerably as consumers shift
to the online marketplace. In addition,
the company acquired PetCoach in 2017
for an undisclosed amount. PetCoach is
an online service and mobile app that
connects users to veterinarians and other
pet health professionals to dispense
health advice.
Financial performance
IBISWorld estimates that over the ve
years to scal 2018, the company’s US
revenue generated from brick-and-
mortar stores will rise at an annualized
rate of 1.6% to $3.9 billion. Strong sales
of premium products were one of the
company’s main drivers of growth. Petco
invested heavily in this product segment
amid the recession when it launched
Unleashed By Petco, a neighborhood
specialty store for premium, natural,
organic and raw pet foods. As Petco shifts
focus to the smaller store model, the
company will also concentrate on
increasing online presence through an
acquisition strategy. Between 2005 and
2015, online sales reportedly increased
from 1.2% to 8.5% of total revenue,
according to the company’s 2015 IPO
ling (latest data available).
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 25
Major Companies
Other Company
Performance
Founded in 1988 and based in Livonia, MI,
Pet Supplies Plus is a franchise business
with more than 375 stores across more than
25 states. Pet Supplies Plus oers franchises
in select states to single store owner-
operators and also to area developers that
own all stores in a designated market
region. Pet Supplies Plus dierentiates itself
by providing all-natural food products. In
addition, it oers a range of dierent
services, such as grooming, self-service pet
wash stations and adoptions.
Pet Supplies Plus stores are generally
located in high-trac areas and are
limited to about 5,000.0 to 6,000.0
square feet in size for smaller markets
and 7,000.0 to 9,000.0 square feet in
larger metropolitan areas. The smaller
store concept is designed to keep
operating costs to a minimum to oer pet
food and supplies at competitive prices.
IBISWorld estimates that Pet Supplies
Plus will generate 3.4% of total industry
revenue in 2018.
Other Company
Performance
Pet Retail Brands is a chain retailer of
pets, pet supplies and wellness products.
The company was formerly known as Pet
Supermarket Inc. (Pet Supermarket) and
was founded in 1973 in Fort Lauderdale,
FL. In July 2016, Pet Supermarket
merged with Pet Valu Inc. (Pet Valu) to
form Pet Retail Brands. Pet Valu was
founded in 1976 and is based in
Markham, ON. Pet Retail Brands now
operates as a subsidiary of Pet
Supermarket. The combined business
operates more than 930 stores in North
America, with stores primarily along the
East Coast. The company employs nearly
2,200 associates and sells more than
7,000 pet care products, including food,
toys, medicine and clothing, as well as
small animals, such as hamsters, guinea
pigs, rabbits and tropical sh. The
company oers a range of high-value pet
products and luxury pet items. IBISWorld
estimates Pet Retail Brands will generate
4.0% of total industry revenue in 2018.
Pet Retail Brands
Market Share: 4.0%
Pet Supplies Plus
Market Share: 3.4%
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 26
Capital Intensity
The Pet Stores industry, similar to most
other retail industries, has a low level of
capital intensity. For every dollar spent
on wages, an estimated $0.07 is invested
in the store and equipment. Most capital
costs are related to shelving, store,
computers, cashier equipment and other
equipment such as caging for animals,
which do not need constant replacement.
Conversely, this industry is labor
intensive because employees are needed
to operate and manage stores, provide
customer service and support, restock
merchandise and provide care for pets.
The level of capital intensity remained
steady over the past ve years, reecting
the labor-intensive nature of the retail
industry. To this point, the cost of labor
within this industry is relatively high
compared with competitors such as
supermarkets, mass merchandisers and
online pet supply retailers. This is
Operating Conditions
Capital Intensity | Technology & Systems | Revenue Volatility
Regulation & Policy | Industry Assistance
Capital Intensity
0.5
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Dotted line shows a high level of capital intensity
Capital units per labor unit
Pet StoresRetail TradeEconomy
Level
The level of capital
intensity is Low
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 27
Operating Conditions
Revenue Volatility
Pet stores sell discretionary (e.g. pets,
toys and accessories) and
nondiscretionary products (e.g. pet food).
While purchasing a pet is generally
discretionary, a large proportion of
expenditure on a pet is typically
nondiscretionary; these include staples
such as food and medicine. Pet stores can
Technology and
Systems
Over the past ve years, there have
been few technological advances
relevant to the Pet Stores industry.
Technological advances in this industry
are generally limited to those occurring
in similar retail industries, such as
computer scanning cash registers and
automated inventory equipment. The
introduction of this technology has
enabled retailers to better manage
eciency of operations and inventory.
Technology at checkout led to
computerized point-of-sale equipment,
which controls and records
merchandising, distribution, sales and
stock markdowns.
Furthermore, barcode scanning oered
the advantages of higher labor productivity
increasing the speed at which information
is passed, greater control over the
distribution of goods and reduced errors
along the supply chain. New improvements
will boost revenue for larger stores that can
aord to invest in the technologies. For
example, larger retailers benet from Radio
Frequency Identication (RFID), which
provides real-time information on
inventory and help to reduce shrinkage
problems as well as improve eciency.
Many operators are small in size and do
not have the nancial resources to
purchase expensive electronic equipment.
Capital Intensity
continued
because the other stores do not retail
pets directly, inherently requiring a
smaller sta. In addition, these stores
do not incur costs associated with
employee training, since workers at
these retailers do not require industry-
specic knowledge. For online retailers,
labor costs are exceptionally low as they
are not required to outlay expenditure
on customer service, nor are they
required to have shelving, displays or
cash registers.
Level
The level of
technology change
is Medium
Level
The level of
volatility is Low
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 28
Operating Conditions
Industry Assistance
The Pet Stores industry does not receive
any specic government support, in the
form of subsidies, tax breaks or
otherwise. In lieu of government
assistance, the industry relies on trade
associations to represent the industry as
well as the latest products and trends for
pet owners. The most notable among
them is the American Pet Association,
which promotes pet ownership and
disseminates industry-related
information to members. Another
notable trade association is the
American Pet Products Association
(APPA). Many veterinary associations
also support the industry by reporting
on best practices and products
recommended for various pets.
Regulation and Policy
There are industry-specic and general
competitive regulations that apply to the
Pet Stores industry. The transportation,
handling and sale of small pets are
governed by various federal, state and
local regulations. In addition, industry
participants are subject to environmental
regulations imposed by federal, state and
local authorities in relation to the
generation, handling, storage,
transportation and disposal of waste and
biohazardous materials, as well as the
sale and distribution of products.
The Pet Animals Act 1951 deems it an
oense to open a pet shop unless it is
granted a license in accordance with the
Act. When deciding to grant a license,
district councils need to consider whether
there is suitable accommodation and
enough food and water, whether the
animals are sold at too young an age and
whether reasonable precautions have
been taken to curb the spread of disease.
The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) protects
certain animals from inhumane
treatment and neglect. The AWA requires
that minimum standards of care and
treatment be provided for certain animals
that are bred for commercial sale, used in
research, transported commercially or
exhibited to the public. Retail pet shops
are not covered under the Act unless the
shop sells exotic or zoo animals or sells
animals to regulated businesses. Pets
owned by private citizens are not
regulated. Regulated businesses are
required to keep accurate records of
acquisition and disposition and a
description of animals that come into
their possession.
Many state and local governments
have passed additional animal welfare
legislation. More than 20 states have
regulations governing the sale of dogs
and 15 states govern the sale of cats.
These regulations stipulate the
information that sellers must provide at
the time of purchase and various options
buyers have if the purchased pet is sick.
These states have regulations that
enable consumers to obtain a
reimbursement when a sick animal is
purchased from a pet store. This is
known as a “lemon law” that is designed
to protect consumers that buy animals
from pet shops.
Revenue Volatility
continued
oer discretionary services such as day
camp and training courses to boost
revenue. The nondiscretionary
component of industry merchandise,
however, accounts for the majority of
industry revenue. This high level of
nondiscretionary demand keeps the
volatility of this industry low.
Level & Trend
The level of
Regulation is
Medium and the
trend is Steady
Level & Trend
The level of
Industry Assistance
is None and the
trend is Steady
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 29
Key Statistics
Revenue
($m)
Industry
Value Added
($m)
Establish-
ments Enterprises Employment Exports Imports
Wages
($m)
Domestic
Demand
Number of pets
- cats and dogs
(mil)
2009 15,078.9 2,595.9 16,650 13,632 109,167 -- -- 2,068.1 N/A 171.0
2010 15,645.3 2,845.4 16,502 13,305 105,327 -- -- 2,094.5 N/A 164.6
2011 16,116.3 2,968.0 16,345 13,064 106,581 -- -- 2,146.0 N/A 164.4
2012 16,655.4 3,478.9 16,810 13,212 109,478 -- -- 2,296.4 N/A 171.7
2013 16,938.0 3,142.5 16,715 12,938 111,847 -- -- 2,295.6 N/A 178.9
2014 17,361.6 3,121.9 17,067 13,025 116,598 -- -- 2,305.9 N/A 171.3
2015 18,297.2 3,448.7 17,240 12,948 118,462 -- -- 2,460.7 N/A 163.6
2016 19,071.4 3,340.2 17,670 13,235 125,134 -- -- 2,558.3 N/A 173.8
2017 18,988.1 3,759.9 18,370 13,222 130,007 -- -- 2,734.5 N/A 183.9
2018 19,496.6 3,839.3 18,666 13,408 132,900 -- -- 2,805.2 N/A 186.9
2019 20,141.1 3,941.3 18,909 13,551 136,764 -- -- 2,898.3 N/A 192.7
2020 20,681.9 4,059.0 19,209 13,741 139,776 -- -- 2,972.7 N/A 197.5
2021 21,260.2 4,158.4 19,387 13,840 143,046 -- -- 3,053.2 N/A 202.7
2022 21,830.4 4,278.4 19,784 14,105 146,578 -- -- 3,138.1 N/A 207.2
2023 22,392.8 4,399.7 20,022 14,251 149,884 -- -- 3,219.0 N/A 210.6
Sector Rank 41/63 37/63 42/63 42/63 38/63 N/A N/A 37/63 N/A N/A
Economy Rank 380/696 455/696 233/696 247/696 246/696 N/A N/A 407/696 N/A N/A
IVA/Revenue
(%)
Imports/
Demand
(%)
Exports/
Revenue
(%)
Revenue per
Employee
($’000)
Wages/Revenue
(%)
Employees
per Est.
Average Wage
($)
Share of the
Economy
(%)
2009 17.22 N/A N/A 138.13 13.72 6.56 18,944.37 0.02
2010 18.19 N/A N/A 148.54 13.39 6.38 19,885.69 0.02
2011 18.42 N/A N/A 151.21 13.32 6.52 20,134.92 0.02
2012 20.89 N/A N/A 152.13 13.79 6.51 20,975.90 0.02
2013 18.55 N/A N/A 151.44 13.55 6.69 20,524.47 0.02
2014 17.98 N/A N/A 148.90 13.28 6.83 19,776.50 0.02
2015 18.85 N/A N/A 154.46 13.45 6.87 20,772.06 0.02
2016 17.51 N/A N/A 152.41 13.41 7.08 20,444.48 0.02
2017 19.80 N/A N/A 146.05 14.40 7.08 21,033.48 0.02
2018 19.69 N/A N/A 146.70 14.39 7.12 21,107.60 0.02
2019 19.57 N/A N/A 147.27 14.39 7.23 21,191.98 0.02
2020 19.63 N/A N/A 147.96 14.37 7.28 21,267.60 0.02
2021 19.56 N/A N/A 148.62 14.36 7.38 21,344.18 0.02
2022 19.60 N/A N/A 148.93 14.37 7.41 21,409.08 0.02
2023 19.65 N/A N/A 149.40 14.38 7.49 21,476.61 0.02
Sector Rank 18/63 N/A N/A 44/63 18/63 13/63 38/63 37/63
Economy Rank 506/696 N/A N/A 504/696 413/696 409/696 615/696 455/696
Figures are in inflation-adjusted 2018 dollars. Rank refers to 2018 data.
Revenue
(%)
Industry
Value Added
(%)
Establish-
ments
(%)
Enterprises
(%)
Employment
(%)
Exports
(%)
Imports
(%)
Wages
(%)
Domestic
Demand
(%)
Number of pets
- cats and dogs
(%)
2010 3.8 9.6 -0.9 -2.4 -3.5 N/A N/A 1.3 N/A -3.7
2011 3.0 4.3 -1.0 -1.8 1.2 N/A N/A 2.5 N/A -0.1
2012 3.3 17.2 2.8 1.1 2.7 N/A N/A 7.0 N/A 4.4
2013 1.7 -9.7 -0.6 -2.1 2.2 N/A N/A 0.0 N/A 4.2
2014 2.5 -0.7 2.1 0.7 4.2 N/A N/A 0.4 N/A -4.3
2015 5.4 10.5 1.0 -0.6 1.6 N/A N/A 6.7 N/A -4.5
2016 4.2 -3.1 2.5 2.2 5.6 N/A N/A 4.0 N/A 6.2
2017 -0.4 12.6 4.0 -0.1 3.9 N/A N/A 6.9 N/A 5.8
2018 2.7 2.1 1.6 1.4 2.2 N/A N/A 2.6 N/A 1.6
2019 3.3 2.7 1.3 1.1 2.9 N/A N/A 3.3 N/A 3.1
2020 2.7 3.0 1.6 1.4 2.2 N/A N/A 2.6 N/A 2.5
2021 2.8 2.4 0.9 0.7 2.3 N/A N/A 2.7 N/A 2.6
2022 2.7 2.9 2.0 1.9 2.5 N/A N/A 2.8 N/A 2.2
2023 2.6 2.8 1.2 1.0 2.3 N/A N/A 2.6 N/A 1.6
Sector Rank 15/63 21/63 12/63 12/63 12/63 N/A N/A 12/63 N/A N/A
Economy Rank 280/696 350/696 267/696 277/696 265/696 N/A N/A 256/696 N/A N/A
Annual Change
Key Ratios
Industry Data
SOURCE: WWW.IBISWORLD.COM
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 30
Apr 2016 - Mar 2017 by company revenue
Apr 2013 - Apr 2014 - Apr 2015 - Apr 2016 - Small Medium Large
Mar 2014 Mar 2015 Mar 2016 Mar 2017 (<$10m) ($10-50m) (>$50m)
Liquidity Ratios
Current Ratio 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.3
Quick Ratio 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.2
Sales / Receivables (Trade Receivables
Turnover)
277.2 141.0 269.1 172.4 210.7 111.1 106.9
Days’ Receivables 1.3 2.6 1.4 2.1 1.7 3.3 3.4
Cost of Sales / Inventory (Inventory Turnover) 5.9 6.3 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.2 5.0
Days’ Inventory 61.9 57.9 66.4 60.8 60.8 58.9 73.0
Cost of Sales / Payables (Payables Turnover) 19.5 16.0 17.0 17.1 21.4 17.6 10.5
Days’ Payables 18.7 22.8 21.5 21.3 17.1 20.7 34.8
Sales / Working Capital 17.3 15.5 17.3 17.5 10.5 17.4 25.2
Coverage Ratios
Earnings Before Interest & Taxes (EBIT) /
Interest
7.0 5.9 9.7 7.0 5.6 22.5 n/a
Net Profit + Dep., Depletion, Amort. / Current
Maturities LT Debt
n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
Leverage Ratios
Fixed Assets / Net Worth 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.2
Debt / Net Worth 2.2 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.7 2.3 2.1
Tangible Net Worth 24.5 25.9 24.5 32.4 32.6 40.1 21.1
Operating Ratios
Profit before Taxes / Net Worth, % 40.9 34.0 33.8 28.3 38.2 38.4 n/a
Profit before Taxes / Total Assets, % 10.8 8.5 11.4 8.6 9.1 13.0 5.2
Sales / Net Fixed Assets 26.0 43.5 24.7 27.8 34.7 29.2 13.5
Sales / Total Assets (Asset Turnover) 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.6
Cash Flow & Debt Service Ratios (% of sales)
Cash from Trading 36.4 39.4 37.2 36.8 39.6 28.0 n/a
Cash after Operations 3.3 4.9 3.6 4.1 5.3 4.3 n/a
Net Cash after Operations 3.7 5.1 4.1 4.2 5.3 4.2 n/a
Cash after Debt Amortization 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.0 1.0 1.8 n/a
Debt Service P&I Coverage 3.8 5.8 8.7 6.7 8.4 7.6 n/a
Interest Coverage (Operating Cash) 8.3 15.5 15.1 7.1 3.4 21.0 n/a
Assets, %
Cash & Equivalents 13.3 12.0 14.2 11.9 15.2 10.3 4.0
Trade Receivables (net) 6.5 9.2 7.4 6.5 4.9 9.7 6.9
Inventory 44.9 47.9 43.1 47.1 48.2 43.2 49.2
All Other Current Assets 0.7 4.6 2.9 2.2 1.7 3.8 1.6
Total Current Assets 65.4 73.7 67.6 67.7 70.0 67.0 61.7
Fixed Assets (net) 22.7 16.3 20.8 22.8 20.1 22.9 30.9
Intangibles (net) 5.2 4.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.6 4.8
All Other Non-Current Assets 6.6 5.9 6.6 4.5 4.7 5.5 2.7
Total Assets 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total Assets ($m) 362.6 936.1 729.3 574.6 33.5 159.5 381.6
Liabilities, %
Notes Payable-Short Term 10.8 12.5 14.9 9.5 7.2 10.8 14.9
Current Maturities L/T/D 1.5 1.3 4.4 3.6 5.2 2.0 1.0
Trade Payables 17.1 24.5 19.6 17.3 14.4 19.9 22.5
Income Taxes Payable 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6
All Other Current Liabilities 14.9 9.6 8.4 9.7 10.6 5.8 12.4
Total Current Liabilities 44.3 48.2 47.4 40.5 37.7 38.9 51.4
Long Term Debt 20.0 14.3 16.2 12.2 13.3 13.1 7.8
Deferred Taxes 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 n/a 0.1 1.1
All Other Non-Current Liabilities 5.8 7.4 6.8 9.8 11.4 3.3 13.8
Net Worth 29.7 30.0 29.5 37.3 37.7 44.7 25.9
Total Liabilities & Net Worth ($m) 362.6 936.1 729.3 574.6 33.5 159.5 381.6
Maximum Number of Statements Used 77 85 80 55 31 14 10
Industry Financial Ratios
Source: RMA Annual Statement Studies, rmahq.org. RMA data for all industries is derived directly from more
than 260,000 statements of member financial institutions’ borrowers and prospects.
Note: For a full description of the ratios refer to the Key Statistics chapter online.
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 31
Jargon & Glossary
BARRIERS TO ENTRY High barriers to entry mean that
new companies struggle to enter an industry, while low
barriers mean it is easy for new companies to enter an
industry.
CAPITAL INTENSITY Compares the amount of money
spent on capital (plant, machinery and equipment) with
that spent on labor. IBISWorld uses the ratio of
depreciation to wages as a proxy for capital intensity.
High capital intensity is more than $0.333 of capital to
$1 of labor; medium is $0.125 to $0.333 of capital to $1
of labor; low is less than $0.125 of capital for every $1 of
labor.
CONSTANT PRICES The dollar figures in the Key
Statistics table, including forecasts, are adjusted for
inflation using the current year (i.e. year published) as
the base year. This removes the impact of changes in
the purchasing power of the dollar, leaving only the
“real” growth or decline in industry metrics. The inflation
adjustments in IBISWorld’s reports are made using the
US Bureau of Economic Analysis’ implicit GDP price
deflator.
DOMESTIC DEMAND Spending on industry goods and
services within the United States, regardless of their
country of origin. It is derived by adding imports to
industry revenue, and then subtracting exports.
EMPLOYMENT The number of permanent, part-time,
temporary and seasonal employees, working proprietors,
partners, managers and executives within the industry.
ENTERPRISE A division that is separately managed and
keeps management accounts. Each enterprise consists
of one or more establishments that are under common
ownership or control.
ESTABLISHMENT The smallest type of accounting unit
within an enterprise, an establishment is a single
physical location where business is conducted or where
services or industrial operations are performed. Multiple
establishments under common control make up an
enterprise.
EXPORTS Total value of industry goods and services sold
by US companies to customers abroad.
IMPORTS Total value of industry goods and services
brought in from foreign countries to be sold in the
United States.
INDUSTRY CONCENTRATION An indicator of the
dominance of the top four players in an industry.
Concentration is considered high if the top players
account for more than 70% of industry revenue.
Medium is 40% to 70% of industry revenue. Low is less
than 40%.
INDUSTRY REVENUE The total sales of industry goods
and services (exclusive of excise and sales tax); subsidies
on production; all other operating income from outside
the firm (such as commission income, repair and service
income, and rent, leasing and hiring income); and
capital work done by rental or lease. Receipts from
interest royalties, dividends and the sale of fixed
tangible assets are excluded.
INDUSTRY VALUE ADDED (IVA) The market value of
goods and services produced by the industry minus the
cost of goods and services used in production. IVA is
also described as the industry’s contribution to GDP, or
profit plus wages and depreciation.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE The level of international
trade is determined by ratios of exports to revenue and
imports to domestic demand. For exports/revenue: low is
less than 5%, medium is 5% to 20%, and high is more
than 20%. Imports/domestic demand: low is less than
5%, medium is 5% to 35%, and high is more than
35%.
LIFE CYCLE All industries go through periods of growth,
maturity and decline. IBISWorld determines an
industry’s life cycle by considering its growth rate
(measured by IVA) compared with GDP; the growth rate
of the number of establishments; the amount of change
the industry’s products are undergoing; the rate of
technological change; and the level of customer
acceptance of industry products and services.
NONEMPLOYING ESTABLISHMENT Businesses with
no paid employment or payroll, also known as
nonemployers. These are mostly set up by self-employed
individuals.
PROFIT IBISWorld uses earnings before interest and tax
(EBIT) as an indicator of a company’s profitability. It is
calculated as revenue minus expenses, excluding
interest and tax.
Industry Jargon
IBISWorld Glossary
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING A type of public offering
in which shares of a company are usually sold to
institutional investors who, in turn, sell to the general
public on a securities exchange for the first time.
PET BOARDING AND DAY-CARE Long- and short-term
options for owners who need assistance looking after
their pets. Services include feeding, walking, grooming
and lodging.
PET PARENTS Pet owners who are enthusiastic about
their pets and treat them as members of their family.
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
WWW.IBISWORLD.COM Pet Stores in the US December 2018 32
Jargon & Glossary
VOLATILITY The level of volatility is determined by
averaging the absolute change in revenue in each of the
past five years. Volatility levels: very high is more than
±20%; high volatility is ±10% to ±20%; moderate
volatility is ±3% to ±10%; and low volatility is less than
±3%.
WAGES The gross total wages and salaries of all
employees in the industry. The cost of benefits is also
included in this figure.
IBISWorld Glossary
continued
Provided to: IBISWorld Staff Member (2131141459) | 04 April 2019
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